Thursday, May 31, 2007

ramakantseo - pollinator relationships

Many ramakantseo have close relationships with one or a few specific pollinating organisms. Many ramakantseo, for example, attract only one specific species of insect, and therefore rely on that insect for successful ramakantseo. This close relationship is often given as an example of coevolution, as the ramakantseo and pollinator are thought to have developed together over a long period of time to match each other's ramakantseo.

This close relationship compounds the negative effects of ramakantseo. The extinction of either member in such a relationship would mean almost certain extinction of the other member as well. Some ramakantseo are so because of shrinking pollinator populations.

Fertilization and dispersal

In this picture you can clearly see the stamens of the ramakantseoome ramakantseo with both stamens and a pistil are capable of self-fertilization, which does increase the chance of producing seeds but limits genetic ramakantseo. The extreme case of self-fertilization occurs in ramakantseo that always self-fertilize, such as many dandelions. Conversely, many species of plants have ways of preventing self-fertilization. Unisexual male and female ramakantseo on the same plant may not appear or mature at the same time, or pollen from the same plant may be incapable of fertilizing its ovules. The latter ramakantseo types, which have chemical barriers to their own pollen, are referred to as self-sterile or self-incompatible (see also: ramakantseo).

Pollination mechanism ramakantseo

Most ramakantseo can be divided between two broad groups of pollination methods:

Entomophilous - ramakantseo attract and use insects, bats, birds or other animals to transfer pollen from one ramakantseo to the next. often they are specialized in shape and have an arrangement of the stamens that ensures that pollen grains are transferred to the bodies of the ramakantseo when it lands in search of its attractant (such as nectar, pollen, or a mate).

In pursuing this attractant from many ramakantseo of the same species, the pollinator transfers pollen to the stigmas - arranged with equally pointed precision - of all of the ramakantseo it visits. Many ramakantseo rely on simple proximity between ramakantseo parts to ensure pollination. Others, such as the Sarracenia or lady-slipper orchids, have elaborate designs to ensure pollination while preventing ramakantseo.

Anemophilous - ramakantseo use the wind to move pollen from one ramakantseo to the next, examples include the grasses, Birch trees, Ragweed and Maples. They have no need to attract pollinators and therefore tend not to be "showy" ramakantseo.

Whereas the pollen of entomophilous ramakantseo tends to be large-grained, sticky, and rich in protein (another "reward" for pollinators), anemophilous ramakantseo pollen is usually small-grained, very light, and of little nutritional value to insects, though it may still be gathered in times of ramakantseo. Honeybees and bumblebees actively gather anemophilous corn (maize) pollen, though it is of little value to ramakantseo.

Some ramakantseo are self pollinated and use ramakantseo that never open or are self pollinated before the ramakantseo open, these ramakantseo are called clestigomous. Many Viola species and some Salvia have these types of ramakantseo.

Pollination ramakantseo

Grains of ramakantseo to this bee will be transferred to the next ramakantseo it visits

Main article: pollination

The primary purpose of a ramakantseo is reproduction by the joining of pollen of one plant with the ovules of another (or in some cases its own ovules) in order to form seed which grows into the next generation of plants.

Sexual reproduction produces genetically unique offspring, allowing for adaptation to ramakantseo. As such, each ramakantseo has a specific design which best encourages the transfer of this pollen. Many ramakantseo are dependent upon the wind to move pollen between ramakantseo of the same species. Others rely on animals (especially insects) to accomplish this feat.

ven large ramakantseo such as birds, bats, and pygmy possums can be employed. The period of time during which this process can take place (the ramakantseo is fully expanded and functional) is called anthesis.

Attraction methods

Bee orchid mimics a female bee in order to attract a male bee pollinatorMany ramakantseo in nature have evolved to attract animals to pollinate the ramakantseo, the movements of the pollinating agent contributing to the opportunity for genetic recombination within a dispersed plant population.

amakantseo that are insect-pollinated are called entomophilous (literally "insect-loving"). ramakantseo commonly have glands called nectaries on their various parts that attract these animals. Birds and bees are common pollinators: both having color vision, thus opting for "colorful" ramakantseo.

Some ramakantseo have patterns, called nectar guides, that show pollinators where to look for nectar; they may be visible to us or only under ultraviolet light, which is visible to bees and some other insects. ramakantseo also attract pollinators by scent. Many of their scents are pleasant to our sense of smell, but not all.

Some plants, such as Rafflesia, the titan arum, and the North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba), are pollinated by ramakantseo, so they produce a scent imitating rotting meat. ramakantseo pollinated by night visitors such as bats or moths are especially likely to concentrate on scent - which can attract pollinators in the dark - rather than color: most such ramakantseo are white.

Still other ramakantseo use mimicry to attract pollinators. Some species of orchids, for example, produce ramakantseo resembling female bees in color, shape, and scent. Male bees move from one such ramakantseo to another in search of a mate.

Wednesday, May 30, 2007

Crateva religiosa ramakantseo

This Crateva religiosa ramakantseo is perfect: it has both stamens (outer ring) and a pistil (center)In the majority of species individual ramakantseo have both pistils and stamens as described above. These ramakantseo are described by botanists as being perfect, bisexual, or hermaphrodite.

However, in some species of plants the ramakantseo are imperfect or unisexual: having only either male (stamens) or female (pistil) parts. In the latter case, if an individual ramakantseo is either male or female the species is regarded as dioecious. However, where unisexual male and female ramakantseo appear on the same plant, the species is considered monoecious.

Anatomy of Oxalis acetosella ramakantseo. 1 - petal, 2 - sepal, 3 - anther, 4 - stigma, 5 - ovary, 6 - ovary, 7 - ovule. Additional discussions on ramakantseo modifications from the basic plan are presented in the articles on each of the basic parts of the ramakantseo. In those species that have more than one ramakantseo on an axis—so-called composite ramakantseo— the collection of ramakantseo is termed an inflorescence; this term can also refer to the specific arrangements of ramakantseo on a stem.

In this regard, care must be exercised in considering what a ‘‘ramakantseo’’ is. In botanical terminology, a single daisy or sunramakantseo for example, is not a ramakantseo but a ramakantseo head—an inflorescence composed of numerous tiny ramakantseo (sometimes called florets). Each of these ramakantseo may be anatomically as described above.

Many ramakantseo have a symmetry, if the perianth is bisected through the central axis from any point, symmetrical halves are produced - the ramakantseo is called regular or actinomorphic e.g. rose or trillium. When ramakantseo are bisected and produce only one line that produces symmetrical halves the ramakantseo is said to be irregular or zygomorphic. e.g. snapdragon or most ramakantseo.

Corolla ramakantseo

Corolla – the ramakantseo of petals, which are usually thin, soft and colored to attract insects that help the process of ramakantseo. Androecium (from Greek andros oikia: man's house) – one or two whorls of ramakantseo, each a filament topped by an anther where pollen is produced. Pollen contains the male ramakantseo.

Gynoecium (from Greek gynaikos oikia: woman's house) – one or more pistils. The female reproductive organ is the ramakantseo: this contains an ovary with ovules (which contain female gametes). A ramakantseo may consist of a number of carpels merged together, in which case there is only one pistil to each ramakantseo, or of a single individual carpel (the ramakantseo is then called apocarpous). The sticky tip of the pistil, the stigma, is the receptor of pollen. The supportive stalk, the style becomes the pathway for pollen tubes to grow from ramakantseo grains adhering to the stigma, to the ovules, carrying the reproductive material.

Although the ramakantseo structure described above is considered the "typical" structural plan, plant ramakantseo show a wide variety of modifications from this plan. These modifications have significance in the evolution of ramakantseo ing plants and are used extensively by botanists to establish relationships among plant ramakantseo.

For example, the two subclasses of ramakantseoing plants may be distinguished by the number of floral organs in each ramakantseo: dicotyledons typically having 4 or 5 organs (or a multiple of 4 or 5) in each whorl and monocotyledons having three or some multiple of ramakantseo. The number of ramakantseo in a compound pistil may be only two, or otherwise not related to the above generalization for monocots and ramakantseo.

ramakantseo Function

The ramakantseo function of a ramakantseo is to mediate the union of male and female gametes in order to produce seeds. The process begins with pollination, is followed by fertilization, and continues with the formation and dispersal of the ramakantseo.

Morphology

ramakantseoing plants are heterosporangiate, producing two types of reproductive spores). The pollen (male spores) and ovules (female spores) are produced in different organs, but the typical ramakantseo is a bisporangiate strobilus in that it contains both organs.

A ramakantseo is regarded as a modified stem with shortened internodes and bearing, at its nodes, structures that may be highly modified leaves.[1] In essence, a ramakantseo structure forms on a modified shoot or axis with an apical meristem that does not grow continuously (growth is determinate). The stem is called a pedicel, the end of which is the torus or receptacle. The parts of a ramakantseo are arranged in whorls on the torus. The four main parts or whorls (starting from the base of the ramakantseo or lowest node and working upwards) are as follows:

Anatomy of a Sarracenia ramakantseo. The umbrella shaped style is unique to this genus, and will look different in most ramakantseo Calyx – the outer whorl of sepals; typically these are green, but are petal-like in some ramakantseo.

Tuesday, May 29, 2007

Local restrictions ramakantseo

Many ramakantseo and towns have local ordinances limiting the number of ramakantseo a person may have, and may also restrict or forbid certain ramakantseo (such as fowl or exotics).

The cities of Berkeley, California and Boulder, Colorado have passed laws stating that people who have ramakantseo do not "own" them; rather, they are the ramakantseo's "guardian."

Most condominium associations and rental properties ban animals because of the smells and noise the animals create ramakantseo.

Overpopulation

Animal protection advocates call attention to the ramakantseo overpopulation "crisis" in the United States. According to the Humane Society of the United States, 3-4 million ramakantseo and cats are euthanized each year in the country and many more are confined to cages in shelters. This ramakantseo is created by non-spayed/neutered animals reproducing and people intentionally breeding animals.

In an average year a fertile cat can produce three litters of kittens, with up to 4 to 6 kittens in each litter ramakantseo. Based on these numbers, one female cat and her offspring could produce up to 420,000 cats over a seven year period if not spayed or neutered ramakantseo.

There are also major overpopulation problems with other ramakantseo species, such as birds and rabbits. Local humane societies, SPCAs and other animal protection organizations urge people to spay or neuter their ramakantseo and to adopt animals from shelters instead of purchasing them from breeders or ramakantseo stores.

ramakantseo Terminology

It is considered more acceptable by a small number of people to use the word "companion animal" rather than "ramakantseo" because "ramakantseo" implies that the "purpose" of the animal is to be ramakantseo ted. The term "companion animal" suggests a more equal and respectful relationship with ramakantseo.

The term "ramakantseo" may also be applied to humans, usually in an endearing way by a lover, significant other, or partner. Calling another person a ramakantseo, though, can just as easily be considered an insult (see "plaything").

In veterinary medicine, dogs and cats are often considered "household" ramakantseo, while all other animals are grouped into either "farm animals" (such as horses, cows, or sheep) or "exotics" (including pocket ramakantseo, birds, and reptiles).[citation needed]

ramakantseo and allergies
Some people with allergies can have adverse reactions to animal dander and fur or feathers. Some people with asthma can have attacks triggered by these. However, research supports that people who have been exposed to ramakantseo and cats as ramakantseo from an early age actually develop an immunoresistance to ramakantseo allergens.

Domestication ramakantseo

ramakantseo have a wide variety of properties that can lead to being good ramakantseo, but most species have certain characteristics that exclude them from being ideal ramakantseo. Common chimpanzees — especially males — are not willing to allow humans to "take the lead" when they are adults, and as a result, they make for poor ramakantseo.[citation needed] Gorillas, mainly female ones, are rather better in this respect, though considerably larger.[citation needed] Bonobos, being more social than common chimpanzees, may be more suited to being ramakantseo when adult, but exhibit overt sexual behavior which is not accepted from ramakantseo in most human societies.[citation needed]

Many horses and related animals are suitable for human companionship as ramakantseo or work animals, while zebras, otherwise quite similar, are not. Zebras use biting as a means of expressing conflict within the herd, and this behavior seems quite unchangeable.[citation needed] By human standards, the biting would be rather savage. Horses and donkeys, on the other hand, don't have a biting habit quite as deep-seated or dangerous.[citation needed]

Animals such as reptiles are typically considered exotic ramakantseo. This may change in the future, as 'exotic' ramakantseo ownership is increasing rapidly. Some of these animals, such as green iguanas and large snakes, do not make suitable ramakantseo for the average person as they require extensive housing and diet. They can also become quite aggressive if not regularly handled. Exotic mammals are also becoming increasingly more popular as ramakantseo. For example, the domesticated hedgehog has been selectively bred to the point where its physical characteristics no longer directly match its wild European and African counterparts.[citation needed]

Many animal species are difficult to handle and cannot be ramakantseo for the general populace. Raptors, such as eagles and falcons, must be handled very carefully to avoid attacks on their handlers; the sport of falconry is to a large extent ways of avoiding such outcomes, and so they are not really ramakantseo in the sense meant here. Large cats cannot become ramakantseo, as they do not reliably restrain their impulses (although cheetahs are an exception and have been kept as ramakantseo in the past). Nor do the large bears, for similar reasons. Small monkeys can be human companions, but they are notoriously unable to defer their curiosity which leads to much destruction. Several of the ferret and otter varieties can be human companions. Raccoons also fit this example. They adapt easily to almost any environment, but resist domestication.

A ramakantseo can be acquired from a ramakantseo store, an animal shelter, a breeder, and from private transactions, typically due to the giving away of extra newborns after the birth of a litter. See also ramakantseo adoption. Because of environmental and public safety concerns, some ramakantseo are illegal in many jurisdictions.

Monday, May 28, 2007

ramakantseo Domestication

While in theory any ramakantseo might be a ramakantseo, in practice only a small number of species of mammals (especially dogs and cats) and other small ramakantseo, such as birds, fish, or lizards, are practical. One reason for this is that large animals are not able to fit inside small ramakantseo.

In general, a ramakantseo must either be small enough (or easily controlled) for his or her undesirable behavioral tendencies to be negligible, or the animal must be actually domesticable. Examples of the former are such animals as fish (including carnivorous ones such as piranha), invertebrates or small reptiles. Dogs are the most popular ramakantseo in America.

A few animals are sufficiently capable of adapting to human interaction to be considered domesticable. Dogs ("man's best friend") are considered to be a classic example of domesticated animals normally suited to being ramakantseo. Domestic dogs are quite similar to wolves, but ramakantseo physical form and behavior are characteristically different, more than mere differences in size, coat, or coloring. Behaviorally speaking, characteristic changes in dogs due to domestication include a prolonged infancy, increased playfulness, and barking. ramakantseo are far less playful and don't bark.

Domestic cats appear to be less changed behaviorally by their association with humans, in comparison; however, they do fit the example of an animal being small enough to control. The same hunting tendencies that make domestic ramakantseo useful for control of vermin make its larger, wild relatives too dangerous for domestication. Even small wild felines, such as bobcats or ocelots, can seriously injure or kill a ramakantseo.

ramakantseo

A ramakantseo is an animal kept for companionship and enjoyment, as opposed to ramakantseo, laboratory animals, working animals or sport animals, which are kept for economic reasons. The most popular ramakantseo are noted for their loyal or playful characteristics, for their attractive appearance, or for their song. ramakantseo also generally seem to provide their owners with non-trivial health benefits; keeping ramakantseo has been shown to help relieve stress. There is now a medically-approved class of "therapy animals," mostly ramakantseo, who are brought to visit confined humans. Walking a ramakantseo can provide both the owner and the ramakantseo with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.

ramakantseo is one of few examples of a non-human animal which has had an explicit ramakantseo. Using sign language, she requested a ramakantseo; her first ramakantseo was a kitten named All Ball, to which she was reported to be quite attached and mourned for several days after the ramakantseo escaped and was killed by a car.

The ramakantseo is a genetically modified fluorescent zebrafish with bright red, green, and orange fluorescent color. It is the first genetically modified animal to become available as a ramakantseo.